What are TCHAR, WCHAR, LPSTR, LPWSTR, LPCTSTR etc?

Many C++ Windows programmers get confused over what bizarre identifiers like TCHAR, LPCTSTR are. Here, in brief, I would try to clear out the fog.In general, a character can be 1 byte or 2 bytes. Lets say 1-byte character is ANSI, using which English characters are represented. And lets say 2-byte character is Unicode, which can represent ALL languages in the world. VC++ support char and wchar_t