Stack architecture demystified

Eli Bendersky resolves the confusion over stack architecture with the help of some diagrams. He focuses on the Intel x86 but it equally applicable to other architectures.Where the top of the stack is on x86 I’ve noticed more than once that some programmers are confused about the direction in which the stack grows on x86, and what "top of the stack" and "bottom of the stack" mean. It appears that